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Xanthan gum is a high-molecular-weight polysaccharide substance formed by the polymerization of identical units, with each unit consisting of 5 molecules of sugar. Each unit is composed of 2 molecules of glucose, 2 molecules of mannose, and 1 molecule of glucuronic acid. Its main chain is composed of units of 2 glucose molecules linked by β-glucose through 1,4-glycosidic bonds, and its structure is the same as that of cellulose. Alternately, on the C3 position of glucose, there are side chains composed of 2 molecules of mannose and 1 molecule of glucuronic acid. There are pyruvate and carboxylic acid side groups on the side chains. Due to the acidic groups in the side chains, it presents as a polyanion in aqueous solution, forming the tertiary three-dimensional structure of xanthan gum: the anionic side chains wrap around the main chain to form a helical structure, and the molecules form a double-stranded helix through hydrogen bonds, while the double-stranded helical structures are maintained by weak non-covalent bonds, forming a regular "super-jointed ribbon-like helical polymer". Its unique properties are related to the contained pyruvate. Usually, the content of pyruvate in xanthan gum can be used to measure the quality of its performance.
CAS: | 11138-66-2 |
MF: | C8H14Cl2N2O2 |
MW: | 241.11496 |
EINECS: | 234-394-2 |
Mol File: | 11138-66-2.mol |
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